ABSTRACT:

This study investigates the phytochemical profile and in vitro biological activities of Aerva persica leaf extracts obtained using solvents of varying polarity, including n-hexane, chloroform, 80% ethanol, n-butanol, and 80% methanol. Quantitative analysis revealed that the 80% ethanol extract contained the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents, indicating superior extraction efficiency for antioxidant compounds. Among all tested samples, the 80% ethanol extract exhibited the strongest antioxidant potential, with the highest DPPH radical-scavenging activity (82.77%), notable reducing power, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Antimicrobial screening demonstrated significant antibacterial and antifungal effects, particularly in 80% ethanol extracts, with measurable zones of inhibition against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungal strains. The 80% ethanolic extract also showed the highest thrombolytic activity (45.72%), suggesting moderate clot-dissolving potential. Hemolytic assays indicated generally low cytotoxicity across extracts, with chloroform showing comparatively higher hemolysis. Overall, A. persica leaves represent a promising source of bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and thrombolytic potential for further pharmacological exploration.

Keywords: Biological activity, Thrombolytic activity, Hemolytic activity, Phenolics, Flavonoids, Antioxidant

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