Current research evaluated the aqueous extract of Piper cubeb corn as a reducing and stabilizing agent for sunlight-assisted eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The synthesis is preferred over chemical methods due to the non-involvement of toxic reagents. The synthesized Ag NPs were assessed for the antioxidant and microbicidal potential. A distinct color change from colorless to light red and finally reddish brown, accompanied by a maximum surface plasmon resonance absorption at 440-445 nm, confirmed the successful synthesis of Ag NPs. The phytochemicals in the aqueous extract, with diverse functional groups, not only reduced but also stabilized Ag NPs. In contrast, SEM-EDS analyses confirmed that the particles were predominantly spherical, with an average diameter of   18 to 27 ± 0.4 nm (calculated using ImageJ) and an elemental composition. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays confirmed the significant free radical scavenging potential of Ag NPs. The Agar Well Diffusion method revealed prominent antimicrobial potential, including notable zones of inhibition (ZOI), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi) and gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis) bacterial strains. Thus, the biosynthesized Ag NPs possess promising antioxidant and antimicrobial potential as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional antimicrobial and antibacterial agents.

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