ABSTRACT:
Solanum surattense (S. surattense) is a member of the genus Solanum and family Solanaceae, which comprises approximately 99 genera and 2000 species. The present work was conducted to evaluate GC-MS and FTIR analyses, followed by biological activity assessment of the medicinal plant S. surattense from Baluchistan. Pakistan. The GC-MS was used to identify volatile constituents present in the n-hexane fraction of the plant. The functional groups of these were identified in the methanolic extract through FTIR analysis. Moreover, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties were evaluated in the plant’s methanolic extract using colorimetric, free-radical scavenging, and chemiluminescence methods, respectively. Twenty-five volatile compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. The FTIR spectrum of the methanolic extract also indicated the presence of various functional groups, including alcohols, alkanes, aldehydes, aromatic compounds, and esters.The anticancer activity results demonstrated that the methanolic extract exhibited a relatively high IC₅₀ value of 90.5 ± 1.5 µg/mL. In contrast, the standard drug Doxorubicin exhibited a much lower IC₅₀ value of 0.79 ± 0.13 µg/mL. The methanolic extract of the plant exhibited minimal cytotoxic potential compared with HeLa cervical cell line. The antioxidant activity results revealed that the methanolic extract of the plant exhibited inhibition with an IC₅₀ of 800 ± 5 µg/mL, indicating weak antioxidant activity compared to the standard antioxidant, gallic acid, which had an IC₅₀ of 21.7 ± 0.22 µg/mL. These findings suggest that Solanum surattense possesses antioxidant potential, although its efficacy is considerably lower than that of gallic acid. The methanolic extract of S. surattense showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity (66.6 ± 13.2 µg/mL) compared with ibuprofen (11.2 ± 1.9 µg/mL). Despite its lower potency, the plant demonstrated promising anti-inflammatory properties and may serve as a potential natural source of anti-inflammatory compounds.

Keywords: GC-MS, FTIR, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer

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