The presence of different heavy metals contaminates the groundwater of various parts of the world. Still, the primary contaminant is Arsenic (As), which results from both natural and anthropogenic sources, causing severe effects on human health and the ecosystem. Groundwater is a natural resource that millions of people use for diverse purposes, including agricultural, domestic, and mining purposes. It is naturally present in the Earth’s crust, while anthropogenic activities contaminate the groundwater in various regions of the world. In this article, we reviewed the ‘As’ concentration in different cities of Punjab province of Pakistan, including Sahiwal, Lahore, Kasur, Multan, Chakwal, Rahim Yar Khan, Jhelum, and Muzaffargarh. Furthermore, this review highlights the sources, health outcomes, and remedies for ‘As’ contamination in the groundwater. The literature revealed that chronic exposure to As contamination is related to health issues, including cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, carcinogenesis, and skin disorders. This article also overviews several technologies (Coagulation, absorption, Ion exchange, membrane filtration, Biological Oxidation), but technical and economic limitations obstruct their implementation.

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