{"id":9948,"date":"2026-04-16T10:51:41","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T10:51:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/?p=9948"},"modified":"2026-10-23T00:43:25","modified_gmt":"2026-10-23T00:43:25","slug":"pjc-0626","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2026\/04\/16\/pjc-0626\/","title":{"rendered":"Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9948\" class=\"elementor elementor-9948\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5dce95 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c5dce95\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c441126 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c441126\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcc9d23 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fcc9d23\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div><strong>Research Article| Open Access<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span>Volume 16 | Issue 01-2 | Page 45-64| <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/PJC.v16.i01-2.p6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2026.v16.i1-2.p06<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4><strong><b>Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents<\/b><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2225-4762\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Muhammad Javid<\/strong><\/a><br>Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Muhammad Asad Masood<\/strong><br>Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan<\/p>\n<p><strong>Farah Yaqoob<\/strong><br>Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Muhammad Sagheer<\/strong><br>Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Muhammad Sajid Abbas<\/strong><br>Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Muhammad Hasnain<\/strong><br>Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ihsan Maseeh<\/strong><br>Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sabahat Asghar<\/strong><br>Institute of Chemistry,&nbsp;Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering &amp; Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"93%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Received<\/strong><br>02 Mar, 2026<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Accepted<\/strong><br>10 Apr, 2026<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Published<\/strong><br>16 Apr, 2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div>\n<p><strong>ABSTRACT:<\/strong><br>The growing bacterial resistance to currently used antibiotics emphasizes the need to explore novel substances with efficacy against harmful microorganisms. Despite the availability of diverse classes of disinfectant agents, the development of drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria remains a current issue. The wide array of chemical structures and mechanisms of action further complicates the goal for a definitive approach to discovering new pharmaceuticals. The requirement to manufacture newly discovered drugs is condemnatory, as contagious microorganisms can spread swiftly throughout the body and cause ailments such as epidemic cholera, <em><i>Salmonella typhi<\/i><\/em>&nbsp;infection, pleurisy, and plague. The search for novel, targeted, and safe antibacterial agents has emerged as a pivotal area of research in organic chemistry. In this research study, nicotinamide and different benzaldehydes were condensed to produce a series of Schiff bases. Nicotinamidium products are of significant importance and find utility across various fields due to their distinct properties. The synthesized compound was thoroughly distinguished by UV-vis, FTIR, and NMR (<sup>1<\/sup>H-NMR &amp; <sup>13<\/sup>CNMR spectroscopy). Antimicrobial activities were tested against bacteria (<em>E. coli and S. aureus<\/em>) using the disc diffusion method, with ciprofloxacin as the standard. According to the data, the product demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. To evaluate the antioxidant potential, the DPPH radical scavenging assay was employed. The antioxidant applications demonstrated moderate inhibition of oxidation.<br><strong>Keywords<\/strong>: Schiff base, Nicotinamide Synthesis, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Spectroscopy,<\/p>\n<p><strong>How to Cite this paper?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>APA- Style<\/strong><br>M. Javid, M. A. Masood, F. Yaqoob, M. Sagheer, M. S. Abbas, M. Hasnain, I. Maseeh, S. Asghar (2026). Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents, <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/PJC.v16.i01-2.p6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 16(1-2), 45-64.<\/a>&nbsp;<span style=\"font-size: 14.4px\">&nbsp;<\/span><font color=\"#61ce70\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/PJC.v16.i01-2.p6.pdf\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2026.v16.i1-2.p06<\/a><\/span><\/font>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ACS Style<\/strong><br>Javid M., Masood M. A., Yaqoob F., Sagheer M., Abbas M. S., Hasnain M., Maseeh I., Asghar S., Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents, <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/PJC.v16.i01-2.p6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pak. J. Chem.<\/em>, 16(1-2), 45-64.<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2026.v16.i1-2.p06\" target=\"_blank\">&nbsp;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2026.v16.i1-2.p06<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AMA Style<\/strong><br>Javid M; Masood M. A; Yaqoob F; Sagheer M; Abbas M. S; Hasnain M; Maseeh I; Asghar S; <em>Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents,<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/PJC.v16.i01-2.p6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 16(1-2), 45-64.<\/a>&nbsp;<span style=\"font-size: 14.4px\">&nbsp;<\/span><font color=\"#61ce70\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/PJC.v16.i01-2.p6.pdf\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2026.v16.i1-2.p06<\/a><\/span><\/font>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chicago\/Turabian Style<\/strong><br>Javid M, Masood M A, Yaqoob F, Sagheer M, Abbas M S, Hasnain M, Maseeh I, Asghar S, <em>Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents,&nbsp; (2026)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/PJC.v16.i01-2.p6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 16(1-2), 45-64.<\/a>&nbsp;<span style=\"font-size: 14.4px\">&nbsp;<\/span><font color=\"#61ce70\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/PJC.v16.i01-2.p6.pdf\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2026.v16.i1-2.p06<\/a><\/span><\/font>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons License\"><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>This work is licensed under a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7322110 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7322110\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research Article| Open Access Volume 16 | Issue 01-2 | Page 45-64| https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2026.v16.i1-2.p06 Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents Muhammad JavidDepartment of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan. Muhammad Asad MasoodDepartment of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan Farah YaqoobDepartment of Zoology, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[66,67],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-66","category-issue-1-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2026\/04\/16\/pjc-0626\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research Article| Open Access Volume 16 | Issue 01-2 | Page 45-64| https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2026.v16.i1-2.p06 Designing, Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Nicotinamide-Derived Schiff Bases as Potential Therapeutic Agents Muhammad JavidDepartment of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan. 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