{"id":5016,"date":"2024-11-15T15:28:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-15T15:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/?p=5016"},"modified":"2025-12-13T19:21:03","modified_gmt":"2025-12-13T19:21:03","slug":"pjc-0824","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2024\/11\/15\/pjc-0824\/","title":{"rendered":"Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5016\" class=\"elementor elementor-5016\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-450a4db e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"450a4db\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-621122b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"621122b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e46878b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e46878b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"><tbody><tr><td><div><strong>Research Article | Open Access<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"item doi\"><span class=\"value\">Volume 14 | Issue 3-4 | Page 66-73 | <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/12\/PJC.v14.i03-4.p08.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2024.v14.i3-4.p08<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><h4><strong><b>Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study<\/b><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"main_entry\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6343-4176\"><strong>F. Iqbal<\/strong><\/a><br \/>National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar Pakistan.<\/p><p><strong>T. Mahmood<\/strong><br \/>National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar Pakistan.<\/p><table border=\"0\" width=\"93%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"><tbody><tr><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Received<\/strong><br \/>21 Sep, 2024<\/td><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Accepted<\/strong><br \/>28 Oct, 2024<\/td><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Published<\/strong><br \/>24 Dec, 2024<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><div class=\"item abstract\"><p>Significant concerns are raised over pharmaceutical contamination in water bodies. The present article explores the redemption of Amoxicillin, a pharmaceutical micropollutant in wastewater discharged from hospitals. Graphene oxide (GO), derived from graphite powder, was applied using a modified Hummer method. Different analytical techniques, such as XRD, SEGM, FTIR, TGA, and Point of Zero Charge (PZC), were used to characterize the GO. Results showed that GO was an efficient absorbent for removing Amoxicillin from wastewater samples prepared at laboratory scale. SEM exhibited that the Amoxicillin firmly deposited on the graphene oxide surface at pH 2 while lower at higher pH, showing that the removal was pH dependent. The adsorption isotherm fits the Langmuir model, showing maximum adsorption at 278K, with X<sub>m<\/sub>= 322.5mg\/g. The kinetics showed that adsorption favoured a pseudo second order model. The proposed mechanism of the process was reported.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"item abstract\"><h3 class=\"label\">How to Cite this paper?<\/h3><div class=\"csl-entry\"><p><strong>APA-7 Style<\/strong><br \/>Iqbal F., and Mahmood T., (2024). Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study. <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/12\/PJC.v14.i03-4.p08.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 14(3-4), 66-73<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2024.v14.i3-4.p66-73<\/p><p><strong>ACS Style<\/strong><br \/>Iqbal F; and Mahmood T; (2024). Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study. <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/12\/PJC.v14.i03-4.p08.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pak. J. Chem.<\/em> 2024, 14, 66-73<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2024.v14.i3-4.p66-73.<\/p><p><strong>AMA Style<\/strong><br \/>Iqbal F; and Mahmood T; (2024). Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study. <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/12\/PJC.v14.i03-4.p08.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>. 2024; 14(3-4): 66-73<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2024.v14.i3-4.p66-73.<\/p><p><strong>Chicago\/Turabian Style<\/strong><br \/>Iqbal F, and Mahmood T, (2024). &#8220;<em>Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study.<\/em>&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/12\/PJC.v14.i03-4.p08.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em> 14, no. 3-4: 66-73<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2024.v14.i3-4.p66-73.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"item copyright\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons License\" \/><\/a><\/p><p>This work is licensed under a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfbe1bd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cfbe1bd\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research Article | Open AccessVolume 14 | Issue 3-4 | Page 66-73 | https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2024.v14.i3-4.p08 Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study F. IqbalNational Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar Pakistan. T. MahmoodNational Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar Pakistan. Received21 Sep, 2024 Accepted28 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5016","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2024\/11\/15\/pjc-0824\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research Article | Open AccessVolume 14 | Issue 3-4 | Page 66-73 | https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2024.v14.i3-4.p08 Removal of the Amoxicillin from wastewater using Graphene Oxide; Thermodynamics and Kinetics Study F. 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