{"id":3016,"date":"2023-06-15T20:44:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-15T20:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/pjc\/?p=3016"},"modified":"2025-06-13T11:51:45","modified_gmt":"2025-06-13T11:51:45","slug":"pjc-0423","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/","title":{"rendered":"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3016\" class=\"elementor elementor-3016\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54dce01 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"54dce01\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98b9ec7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"98b9ec7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3377807 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3377807\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div><strong>Research Article | Open Access<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"item doi\"><span class=\"value\">Volume 13 | Issue 1-2 |&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/02\/PJC.v13.i01-2.p04_c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2023.v13.i01-2.p04<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<article class=\"obj_article_details\">\n<h4>Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation<\/h4>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"main_entry\">\n<p><span class=\"name\">M. Yamin<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Laboratory of Thermodynamics of Proteins-Biochemistry-Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"name\">F. Rehman<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS, University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"name\">N. Rohman<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Department of Physics, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36, Al-khoudh, Muscat P. C. 123, Oman<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"name\">K. Ahmed<\/span><\/p>\n<p>L. E. J. Nanotechnology Centre, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi \u2013 75270, Pakistan<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"93%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Received<\/strong><br>21 Jan, 2023<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Accepted<\/strong><br>16 Mar, 2023<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Published<\/strong><br>01 May, 2023<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"item abstract\">\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">Reduction of the dye is a significant process in the textile industry as it renovates the dye into water-soluble leuco dye for fixing it into a fibre. The current investigation explores the reduction kinetics of thionine dye (Th) in relation to the sugars consistent with the carbon chain to get a leuco dye state by an ecologically friendly reductant. For this purpose, galactose and ribose, the carbohydrate family with five and six carbon atoms, were selected, respectively. Reduction kinetics of Th with ribose and D-galactose monitored spectrophotometrically at \u03bb<sub>max<\/sub>&nbsp;599 nm to optimize the different parameters as an essential step in leuco dye formation for dye fabrication. The results initially showed slow reduction kinetics, which later proceeded fast under different studied parameters, including the concentration of the dye, reductant, alkali and at different temperatures. The reaction followed pseudo-first-order kinetics in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. The results showed that the rate of the kinetics of Thionine with ribose was more influential than galactose keeping all parameters constant. A mechanism consistent with the above findings has been discussed in the relevant section of the paper.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item abstract\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"label\">How to Cite this paper?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"csl-entry\">\n<p><strong>APA-7 Style<\/strong><br>Yamin, M., Rehman, F., Rohman, N., Ahmed, K. (2023). Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/02\/PJC.v13.i01-2.p04_c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 13(1-2), 38-44<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2023.v13.i01-2.p04<\/p>\n<p><strong>ACS Style<\/strong><br>Yamin, M.; Rehman, F.; Rohman, N.; Ahmed, K. Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/02\/PJC.v13.i01-2.p04_c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pak. J. Chem.<\/em>&nbsp;2023, 13, 38-44<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2023.v13.i01-2.p04<\/p>\n<p><strong>AMA Style<\/strong><br>Yamin M, Rehman F, Rohman N, Ahmed K. Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/02\/PJC.v13.i01-2.p04_c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>. 2023; 13(1-2): 38-44<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2023.v13.i01-2.p04<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chicago\/Turabian Style<\/strong><br>Yamin, M., F. Rehman, N. Rohman, and K. Ahmed. 2023. &#8220;Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation&#8221;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/02\/PJC.v13.i01-2.p04_c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>&nbsp;13, no. 1-2: 38-44<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2023.v13.i01-2.p04<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item copyright\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons License\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>This work is licensed under a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36460df e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"36460df\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research Article | Open Access Volume 13 | Issue 1-2 |&nbsp;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2023.v13.i01-2.p04 Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation M. Yamin Laboratory of Thermodynamics of Proteins-Biochemistry-Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil F. Rehman Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS, University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan N. Rohman [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3016","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research Article | Open Access Volume 13 | Issue 1-2 |&nbsp;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2023.v13.i01-2.p04 Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation M. Yamin Laboratory of Thermodynamics of Proteins-Biochemistry-Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil F. Rehman Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS, University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan N. Rohman [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-15T20:44:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-13T11:51:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/person\/5f5f92c274f1346d6f53fa7864e00a01\"},\"headline\":\"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-15T20:44:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-13T11:51:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/\"},\"wordCount\":478,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/\",\"name\":\"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-15T20:44:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-13T11:51:45+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/\",\"name\":\"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\",\"description\":\"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry is an international, double-blind,peer-reviewed, open-access Pakistan Based Journal published by Chem Publishers.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/12\/cropped-WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-11-at-23.54.08_6d6c4771-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/12\/cropped-WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-11-at-23.54.08_6d6c4771-1.jpg\",\"width\":1129,\"height\":1600,\"caption\":\"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/person\/5f5f92c274f1346d6f53fa7864e00a01\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ea649f84ccd0f114678afc2b56b41940?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ea649f84ccd0f114678afc2b56b41940?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/author\/chempublisherspk\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry","og_description":"Research Article | Open Access Volume 13 | Issue 1-2 |&nbsp;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2023.v13.i01-2.p04 Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation M. Yamin Laboratory of Thermodynamics of Proteins-Biochemistry-Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil F. Rehman Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS, University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan N. Rohman [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/","og_site_name":"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry","article_published_time":"2023-06-15T20:44:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-06-13T11:51:45+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/person\/5f5f92c274f1346d6f53fa7864e00a01"},"headline":"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation","datePublished":"2023-06-15T20:44:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-13T11:51:45+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/"},"wordCount":478,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png","inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/","url":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/","name":"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png","datePublished":"2023-06-15T20:44:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-13T11:51:45+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2023\/06\/15\/pjc-0423\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Comparative kinetics studies of ribose and galactose as eco-friendly reductants for leuco dye formation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#website","url":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/","name":"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry","description":"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry is an international, double-blind,peer-reviewed, open-access Pakistan Based Journal published by Chem Publishers.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#organization","name":"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry","url":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/12\/cropped-WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-11-at-23.54.08_6d6c4771-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/12\/cropped-WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-11-at-23.54.08_6d6c4771-1.jpg","width":1129,"height":1600,"caption":"Pakistan Journal of Chemistry"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/person\/5f5f92c274f1346d6f53fa7864e00a01","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ea649f84ccd0f114678afc2b56b41940?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ea649f84ccd0f114678afc2b56b41940?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/chempublishers.com"],"url":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/author\/chempublisherspk\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3016","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3016"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3016\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8348,"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3016\/revisions\/8348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3016"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3016"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3016"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}