{"id":2768,"date":"2015-08-15T13:09:00","date_gmt":"2015-08-15T13:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/pjc\/?p=2768"},"modified":"2025-01-23T07:04:52","modified_gmt":"2025-01-23T07:04:52","slug":"pjc-1115","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2015\/08\/15\/pjc-1115\/","title":{"rendered":"The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2768\" class=\"elementor elementor-2768\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-767b5d3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"767b5d3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77282e9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"77282e9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1db8d03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1db8d03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"><tbody><tr><td><div><strong>Research Article | Open Access<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"item doi\"><span class=\"value\">Volume 5 | Issue 2 |\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/12\/PJC-v05.i02.p04.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><article class=\"obj_article_details\"><h1 class=\"page_title\">The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor<\/h1><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"main_entry\"><p><span class=\"name\">T.N. Musa<\/span><\/p><p>Basic Sciences Section, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Iraq<\/p><p><span class=\"name\">T.K. Nahla<\/span><\/p><p>Department of Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Iraq<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><table border=\"0\" width=\"93%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"><tbody><tr><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Received<\/strong><br \/>09 Mar, 2015<\/td><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Accepted<\/strong><br \/>24 Sep, 2015<\/td><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Published<\/strong><br \/>09 Dec, 2015<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>\u00a0<\/p><div class=\"item abstract\"><p class=\"ql-align-justify\">The isomerization of whey lactose to lactulose was carried out using column reactors of 1, 2 and 3M sodium aluminates at 30 and 70o C. The effect of different sodium aluminates molarities, temperature and flow rates on the formation of lactulose and overall degradation have been studied. There was a proportional relationship between lactulose formation and sodium aluminates molarities, the same as with the isomerization temperature, 67 and 80% lactulose were respectively obtained at 30 and 70o C by using 3M sodium aluminates. A reverse relationship was found between lactulose formation and flow rates. The previous relationships were true with overall degradations.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"item abstract\"><div><h3 class=\"label\">How to Cite this paper?<\/h3><div class=\"csl-entry\"><p><strong>APA-7 Style<\/strong><br \/>Musa, T.N., Nahla, T.K. (2015). The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 5(2), 69-76<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04<\/p><p><strong>ACS Style<\/strong><br \/>Musa, T.N.; Nahla, T.K. The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pak. J. Chem.<\/em>\u00a02015, 5, 69-76<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04<\/p><p><strong>AMA Style<\/strong><br \/>Musa TN, Nahla TK. The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>. 2015; 5(2): 69-76<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04<\/p><p><strong>Chicago\/Turabian Style<\/strong><br \/>Musa, T., N., and T. K. Nahla. 2015. &#8220;The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor&#8221;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>\u00a05, no. 2: 69-76<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"item copyright\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons License\" \/><\/a><\/p><p>This work is licensed under a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e39ad3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e39ad3c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research Article | Open AccessVolume 5 | Issue 2 |\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04 The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor T.N. Musa Basic Sciences Section, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Iraq T.K. Nahla Department of Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Iraq \u00a0 Received09 Mar, 2015 Accepted24 Sep, 2015 Published09 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2015\/08\/15\/pjc-1115\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research Article | Open AccessVolume 5 | Issue 2 |\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2015.v05.i02.p04 The Chemical Isomerization of Whey Lactose to Lactulose by Using Column Reactor T.N. 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