{"id":2023,"date":"2011-03-14T09:39:00","date_gmt":"2011-03-14T09:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/pjc\/?p=2023"},"modified":"2025-03-19T13:53:45","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T13:53:45","slug":"pjc-0211","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2011\/03\/14\/pjc-0211\/","title":{"rendered":"Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2023\" class=\"elementor elementor-2023\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa0f227 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fa0f227\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f61b07 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6f61b07\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ef7fbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ef7fbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"><tbody><tr><td><div><strong>Research Article | Open Access<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"item doi\"><span class=\"value\">Volume 1 | Issue 1 |\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><article class=\"obj_article_details\"><h4 class=\"page_title\">Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water<\/h4><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"main_entry\"><p><span class=\"name\">M.Y. Khuhawar<\/span><\/p><p>Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences,<br \/>Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan<\/p><p><span class=\"name\">M.A. Baloch<\/span><\/p><p>Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences,<br \/>Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan<\/p><p><span class=\"name\">M.T. Mahar<\/span><\/p><p>Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences,<br \/>Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan<\/p><p><span class=\"name\">T.M. Jahangir<\/span><\/p><p>Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences,<br \/>Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan<\/p><p><span class=\"name\">S.A. Majidano<\/span><\/p><p>Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences,<br \/>Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><table border=\"0\" width=\"93%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"><tbody><tr><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Received<\/strong><br \/>02 Mar, 2011<\/td><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Accepted<\/strong><br \/>02 Jun, 2011<\/td><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Published<\/strong><br \/>02 Dec, 2012<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>\u00a0<\/p><div class=\"item abstract\"><p class=\"ql-align-justify\">This preliminary study was designed to monitor the effect of distillery spent wash evaporation ponds on underground water. The water samples (3 spent wash and 32 underground (total 35)) were analyzed for the parameters, pH, Electrical conductivity (E.C), Total dissolved salts (TDS), Total hardness (TH), Chloride, Total phosphate-P, M-alkalinity, Sulfate, Nitrate-N, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The physico-chemical parameters of the water samples for spent wash and underground were found in the following ranges; pH 7.2-7.7 &amp; 6.8-7.7, electrical conductivity 38.2-44.7 ms\/cm &amp; 0.47-32.0 ms\/cm, TDS 24448-28608 mg\/l &amp; 302-19840 mg\/l, Total hardness 17400-18000 mg\/l &amp; 170-4150 mg\/l, chlorides 7446-13293.5 mg\/l &amp; 85.0-2836 mg\/l , Total phosphate-p 229.5-328.5 mg\/l &amp; 0.005-2.29 mg\/l, Methyl red Alkalinity 1702.5-2352.5 mg\/l &amp; 115-657.5 mg\/l , Sulfate 3157.8-3552.6 mg\/l &amp; 10-417.1 mg\/l, Nitrate-N 471.5-539.1 mg\/l &amp; 0.0-28.0 mg\/l, COD 20080-24320 mg\/l &amp; 0.0-53.0 mg\/l, DO 0.036-0.12 mg\/l &amp; 1.1-7.7 mg\/l respectively. The underground water was observed being affected by the spent wash. It was observed that the distillery industry discharges various pollutants in concentration above NEQS for industrial effluents. Greater concentration of these pollutants is responsible for underground water pollution of study area.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"item abstract\"><div><h3 class=\"label\">How to Cite this paper?<\/h3><div class=\"csl-entry\"><p><strong>APA-7 Style<\/strong><br \/>Khuhawar, M.Y., Baloch, M.A., Mahar, M.T., Jahangir, T.M., Majidano, S.A. (2011). Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water<br \/>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 1(1), 10-18<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02<\/p><p><strong>ACS Style<\/strong><br \/>Khuhawar, M.Y.; Baloch, M.A.; Mahar, M.T.; Jahangir, T.M.; Majidano, S.A. Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water<br \/>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pak. J. Chem.<\/em>\u00a02011, 1, 10-18<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02<\/p><p><strong>AMA Style<\/strong><br \/>Khuhawar MY, Baloch MA, Mahar MT, Jahangir TM, Majidano SA. Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water<br \/>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>. 2011; 1(1): 10-18<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02<\/p><p><strong>Chicago\/Turabian Style<\/strong><br \/>Khuhawar, M., Y., M. A. Baloch, M. T. Mahar, T. M. Jahangir, and S. A. Majidano. 2011. &#8220;Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water<br \/>&#8221;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>\u00a01, no. 1: 10-18<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"item copyright\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons License\" \/><\/a><\/p><p>This work is licensed under a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d6793d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7d6793d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research Article | Open AccessVolume 1 | Issue 1 |\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02 Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water M.Y. Khuhawar Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences,Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan M.A. Baloch Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences,Center for Environmental Sciences, University of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2011\/03\/14\/pjc-0211\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research Article | Open AccessVolume 1 | Issue 1 |\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2011.v01.i01.p02 Impacts of Evaporation Ponds of Ethanol Distillery Spent Wash on Underground Water M.Y. 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