{"id":1323,"date":"2012-06-11T20:39:00","date_gmt":"2012-06-11T20:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chempublishers.sourcingoutfit.com\/?p=1323"},"modified":"2025-01-20T13:49:05","modified_gmt":"2025-01-20T13:49:05","slug":"pjc-1412-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2012\/06\/11\/pjc-1412-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1323\" class=\"elementor elementor-1323\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8806bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a8806bc\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f150ac9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f150ac9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bee88da elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bee88da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"><tbody><tr><td><div><strong>Research Article | Open Access<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"item doi\"><span class=\"value\">Volume 2 | Issue 2 | Paper 06 |\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/pjc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/12\/140_1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><article class=\"obj_article_details\"><h1 class=\"page_title\">Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence<\/h1><div class=\"row\"><h4 class=\"main_entry\"><span class=\"name\">H. Tahir<\/span><\/h4><p>Department of Chemistry University of Karachi &#8211; Pakistan<\/p><h4 class=\"main_entry\"><span class=\"name\">G. Yasmeen<\/span><\/h4><p>Department of Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University &#8211; Pakistan<\/p><table border=\"0\" width=\"93%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"center\"><tbody><tr><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Received<\/strong><br \/>13 Mar, 2012<\/td><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Accepted<\/strong><br \/>13 Jun, 2012<\/td><td align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"><strong>Published<\/strong><br \/>13 Dec, 2012<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><div class=\"item abstract\"><p align=\"justify\">ABSTRACT:<\/p><p class=\"ql-align-justify\">This paper describes graduate chemistry practical related to mutual solubility of liquids and phase coexistence. The diversity of the phase transition shows that heating produces mixing and separation. The practical consists of short experiment on the general theme of miscibility of aqueous and organic phases by varying the temperature. The phases were selected as phenol &#8211; water and nicotine- water system. The experiment was preceded by the interaction of equal quantities of phenol-water and nicotine-water at room temperature and higher temperature about 80\u00b0C. There was a change in miscibility of phases at higher temperature. At about 80\u00b0C the phenolwater mixture becomes monophasic while it is heterogeneous at room temperature. The water \u2013 phenol phase show limited miscibility below 70\u00b0C. While the nicotine -water phases become heterogenous at higher temperature and at room temperature they were monophasic. The temperature at which these phases were merges is known as clearing temperature or cloud temperature. It lies on the liquid-liquid coexistence line. The experiment required careful observations by students at various temperatures ranges from 20\u00b0C to 100\u00b0C at the step of 20\u00b0C and followed by result and discussions. Analysis of the data predicted that students were enjoying by working out the practical and it would be bestowing tremendously beneficial learning experience. The aim of this study was to explore the concept of the phenomenon of phase changes by varying the temperatures and can interpret macroscopic and microscopic properties of the system by relating to the thermodynamic properties. These experiments were beneficial for the isolation and separation of toxic compounds like nicotine and phenol from the waste stream. It is effective and low cost method to save the environment and ecosystem.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"item abstract\"><div><h3 class=\"label\">How to Cite this paper?<\/h3><div class=\"csl-entry\"><p><strong>APA-7 Style<\/strong><br \/>Tahir, H., Yasmeen, G. (2012). Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>, 2(2), 86-90<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06<\/p><p><strong>ACS Style<\/strong><br \/>Tahir, H.; Yasmeen, G. Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pak. J. Chem.<\/em>\u00a02012, 2, 86-90<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06<\/p><p><strong>AMA Style<\/strong><br \/>Tahir H, Yasmeen G. Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>. 2012; 2(2): 86-90<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06<\/p><p><strong>Chicago\/Turabian Style<\/strong><br \/>Tahir, H., and G. Yasmeen. 2012. &#8220;Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence&#8221;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/em>\u00a02, no. 2: 86-90<\/a>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"item copyright\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by\/4.0\/88x31.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons License\" \/><\/a><\/p><p>This work is licensed under a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/article>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e74ada e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e74ada\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research Article | Open AccessVolume 2 | Issue 2 | Paper 06 |\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06 Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence H. Tahir Department of Chemistry University of Karachi &#8211; Pakistan G. Yasmeen Department of Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chempublishers.com\/Pakistan-journal-of-chemistry\/2012\/06\/11\/pjc-1412-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence - Pakistan Journal of Chemistry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research Article | Open AccessVolume 2 | Issue 2 | Paper 06 |\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15228\/2012.v02.i02.p06 Strategies of Learning Graduate Level Experiments and Its Application for the Removal of Toxic Waste Related To Mutual Solubility of Liquids and Phase Coexistence H. 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